Journal of Economics, Management and Trade

The quest for economic growth and development can be attained based on the quality and quantity of human capital of a country and that is underpinned by the good health enjoyed by the people. This paper examines the effects of poverty status and north-south dichotomy on household’s health expenditure using data from the latest wave of GLSS-VI by estimating a Tobit model. The paper establishes considerable differences in household health expenditure with respect to two categories of poverty status (very poor and poor) and north-south dichotomy. Particularly, there was a negative significant relationship between household poverty status and demand for health. Very poor and poor households pay increasingly less on health care compared to non-poor households. Further, demand for health was significantly influenced by household characteristics such as age, household size and education in both the southern and northern part of the country. The paper recommends that policy strategies to improve income generating activities of households should be pursued as this may engender greater demand for healthcare by individuals from poorer households. Besides, policy priority should be placed on bridging health infrastructural gap between the southern and northern sectors of the country.

In this study component regression model is used as a research method to explore the influencing factors of compromise effect in decision-making management of consumers, and new hypotheses are proposed by referring to three important concepts of personality psychology. The conclusion can be drawn that professional level, cognitive needs, and trust tendencies have significant impacts on the compromise effect, which is the focus and innovation of this paper. The study found that the compromise effect is more likely to occur in those who have a lower level of expertise, cognitive need or higher level of trust tendency. The study also found that some result will be partially overestimated while some will be underestimated if standard linear regression is applied in analyzing the decision-making management of consumers. Based on the component regression model, the influencing factors of the consumer decision-making process are analyzed from a more accurate and detailed perspective, and relevant suggestions for marketing practice have been provided according to the research results.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine online shopping industry and its consumers in Nigeria.

Study Design: Quantitative study which adopted a positivistic ontology and descriptive survey design.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out between February 2018 and March 2019 among students of six universities in south-south geo-political zone of Nigeria.

Methodology: This study adopted stratified random sampling methods to select undergraduate students of six tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Data were collected through survey from a total of three hundred and ninety-nine respondents between the period of three months. The data collected were analysed using multiple regression analysis.

Results: The result shows that student demographic attributes, purchase intention and purchase experience which reflect income, accessibility, convenience, product description, online usage, frequency to buy and time spent are the key predictors of online shopping in Nigeria.

Conclusion: Online shopping business would continue to go towards the down-trend direction if attentions are not given to the major determinants like demographic attributes, purchase intention and purchase experience The study recommended that firms and other marketing organisations should consider income, accessibility, convenience, product description, online usage, frequency to buy and time spent online as the key predictors of consumers online buying decisions as this would enable firms to strategise in their marketing decisions on how customer’s needs can be met.

Ghana’s economy is dominated by a large informal sector employing a significantly higher proportion of the total workforce. Studies have shown that majority of informal sector workers work under bad working conditions, and earn low remuneration culminating into high social insecurity especially during their old age. This paper sought to find out if government, institutional and market oriented failures deter rational individuals and households from participating in a pension scheme by examining the level of awareness among informal sector workers when it comes to the existing third tier pension scheme, and to investigate if informal sector workers employ other means of social protection. A sample of 300 informal sector workers participated in this study, and findings showed that majority of informal sector workers are not subscribed under the third-tier pension scheme, citing financial issues, institutional bottlenecks and awareness creation as major hindrances to getting cover under the pension scheme, and about 64% of the participants do not have any retirement plan and among those who claimed to have, majority see investments in their children as their retirement plan.

This study investigated the effect of audit committee effectiveness on the timeliness of financial reporting in Nigeria using listed companies in the food and beverages industrial sector of Nigeria economy. The period under review spans from 2011-2015. Data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential methods of statistical analysis. Descriptive statistical analyses employed include mean and standard deviation while inferential statistical analyses employed in the study include correlation and regression analysis. The study revealed that there is no significant relationship between audit committee size and timeliness of financial reporting among listed food and beverages companies in Nigeria. The study further revealed that the relationship between frequency of meetings and timeliness of financial reporting among listed food and beverages companies in Nigerian is not significant. The study concluded that a proportional increase in frequency of meetings will increase timeliness of financial reporting and vice versa and this is not statistically significant meaning that frequency of meetings have no significant relationship with timeliness of financial reporting. The study recommended that audit committee size should not be increased beyond the regulatory specification of six.